【健康科普】知艾防艾，科学守护！这些防艾常识人人必懂
大众对艾滋病常存在恐惧与误解，事实上艾滋病传播途径固定、可防可控。掌握科学防艾知识，就能有效保护自己和家人。
艾滋病（AIDS）是HIV病毒引发的慢性乙类传染病。HIV会破坏人体免疫细胞，导致免疫力大幅下降，引发各类感染及并发症。
艾滋病传播途径十分有限，仅三种传播方式，日常普通接触不会感染，无需恐慌。
1. 性接触传播（首要传播途径）
为当前首要传播途径。无保护性行为、多性伴侣是成人及青少年感染的主要原因。
2. 血液传播
多见于共用注射器、输入不安全血液制品、破损伤口接触感染者血液。无资质门店纹身、修脚、洗牙等器械消毒不达标，存在感染风险，正规医疗操作安全可控。
3. 母婴传播
感染HIV的孕产妇，可通过孕期、分娩、母乳喂养传播病毒，规范母婴阻断可极大降低感染风险。
辟谣：握手、拥抱、共餐、蚊虫叮咬、日常共处，均不传播艾滋病。
做好日常防护，守住健康底线
1. 坚守健康底线，杜绝高危性行为，全程正确使用安全套，是最有效的防艾手段；
2. 远离毒品，绝不共用注射器；
3. 不共用牙刷、剃须刀等带血私人物品；
4. 侵入性美容、诊疗项目，仅选择正规机构。
牢记黄金阻断，高危后可补救
发生无保护高危行为、职业暴露等意外后，72小时内可服用 艾滋病阻断药，2小时内服用效果最佳，越早阻断成功率越高。切勿抱有侥幸心理，及时前往正规医院、疾控中心咨询服药。
定期检测，安心无忧
HIV感染初期多无明显症状，隐匿性极强。有过高危行为人群，需主动前往正规医院、疾控中心检测，全程隐私保密、结果可靠。做到早检测、早发现、早治疗，是防控艾滋病的核心关键。
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编辑|对外联络办
一审一校|刘璐
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